With the rapid development of the automobile industry, the requirements of automobiles in control, communication and network are becoming more and more complex. The new-generation electronic control unit (ECU) with 32-bit microcontroller and embedded real-time operating system as the basic technical features has become the mainstream of automotive electronics applications. The 32-bit microcontroller MPC555 has been widely used in automotive electronics and other fields due to its powerful performance. 1. Introduction to MPC555 microcontroller The MPC555 microcontroller is a representative product of the Motorola PowerPC 500 series and is designed for high-end embedded control systems such as automotive electronics, aerospace, and intelligent systems. The product can work in high-speed mobile and harsh environments (operating temperature: -40 ~ 125 ℃), excellent performance, and has a high degree of flexibility and reliability, suitable for mass production at low cost. MPC555 mainly has the following functional modules: • Reduced instruction set CPU (RCPU) with a main frequency of 40MHz; • Four-level memory controller; • U-Bus system interface unit (USIU); • Flexible instruction and data storage protection unit; • 448KB Flash EEPROM; • 26KB SRAM; • Dual time processing unit (TPU3); • 18 channel module I / O system (MIOS1); • Dual queue analog-to-digital conversion module (QADC); • Dual CAN2.0B controller module (TouCANs); • Queue serial multi-channel module (QSMCM). In the process of designing, developing and applying MPC555 microcontrollers, manufacturers have taken the form of cooperation and joint promotion to actively guide the development and application of product markets. MPC555 microcontroller uses the chip structure technology of IBM microcontroller and AMD flash memory technology. Professional embedded software and hardware development companies: ETAS, Pi-Technology, Axiom, ADI, OpTI-Num SoluTIon, dSPACE, etc. developed MPC555 application boards, I / O modules, real-time operating systems, integrated development tools, application software and other embedded Software and hardware system and integrated development environment. Automotive electronic product developers: BOSCH, Delphi and others have developed corresponding automotive electronic application products. As a result, a product chain approach to MPC555's specialized division of labor and joint development has been formed. This industry / product chain development mechanism has become a successful development model in the high-tech field. 2. MPC555 application software and hardware platform and system integration development environment For the target system, we must first select the microcontroller that matches the environment and functional parameters of the application product as the core control system. In addition, complete and powerful technical support for the development environment is also crucial. With the increasingly fierce market competition, it is required to develop application products quickly and flexibly, and try to reduce and shorten every link and cycle from decision-making, design, research and development, testing, revision to final mass production. The speed of developing new products is often closely linked to the survival of an enterprise. In order to meet this requirement, the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) technology has received more and more attention in recent years. Advanced development methods such as Model-Based Design, simplified software programming, software and hardware integration, rapid prototyping to establish target systems, and application modularization are widely used. In addition, the embedded real-time operating system (RTOS) is also essential for the safe operation of the system, management of application system programs, and compatibility of the system. A complete MPC555 development and application system is mainly composed of hardware and software platforms and integrated development environment. The functions of the integrated development environment include: providing a control operation interface; browsing the status and information of the MPC555 hardware platform through the BDM interface; establishing a control model; simulating the application control algorithm of the simulation system; connecting the compiler to the control model or C language program to generate the MPC555 machine source code ; Transmit the source code to the MPC555 hardware platform through the BDM interface; debug and run application programs in real time. This development mode is convenient and fast. The development process is compiled by a friendly interface to connect the visualization model block diagram, input calculation formula, and empirical formula. The system automatically compiles it into the target code. The application program is loaded into the MPC555 hardware platform after repeated simulation and real-time debugging and running successfully. The MPC555 system is equipped with various application I / O modules and communication interfaces, and is equipped with a set of real-time operating system (RTOS). Under the management of the operating system, the developed application program is run and verified under the monitoring of the host computer and under the environment of being separated from the host computer. Some specific, repetitive task applications have been generated by modular library files and are ready to be called. In order to improve the real-time performance of the development system, the system has hardware-in-the-loop (HIL), Bypass and other hardware-in-the-loop development, real-time embedded loading and other functions. Modular applications can be imported and exported online in real time without affecting the normal operation of the system. In terms of hardware, the MPC555 microcontroller is an ideal embedded hardware system platform for automotive electronics. Table 1 lists the comparison of MPC555 development boards developed by professional companies at home and abroad. In terms of integrated development environment, each development system generally uses MathWorks' MATLAB series software products Simulink, Stateflow, etc., used for simulation, model building, coupled with corresponding cross compiler, control interface connection program and hardware platform to form A complete development system. In the MPC555 application field, the most representative products are the development tool ASCET-SD of ETAS company; the real-time operating system OSEKWorks conforming to the OSEK standard; the debugging tool LabCar and the corresponding hardware development board of MPC555; the rapid prototype of the embedded system of ADI SIMsystem; development platform BEACON, and Axiom, Pi-technology MPC555 hardware development series products, etc. In order to adapt to the increasingly huge characteristics of embedded computer control software development; realize the modularity and portability of software development; ensure the smooth communication between distributed control subsystems; as far as possible to achieve the exchange between control modules of different manufacturers Sex and compatibility, the standardization of application systems has become an urgent issue to be solved. In the field of automotive electronics, the CAN bus communication standard defines relevant communication specifications at the physical layer and data link layer. OSEK (Open Systems and the Corresponding InteRFaces For AutomoTIve Electronics) technical specification is an embedded real-time operating system developed for software specifications that conform to open systems and interfaces of automotive electronics. The OSEK specification makes comprehensive definitions and regulations from the aspects of real-time operating system and software development platform. The specification was first advocated by the automobile industries of Germany and France and is becoming more and more perfect. The set of solutions it proposes represents the future development direction of the automotive electronics software industry, and its influence in the international automotive electronics field is increasing. In the national high-tech research and development plan (863 plan) electric vehicle major special topic "fuel cell bus multi-energy powertrain controller software and hardware platform", Beijing Ximan Automation Technology Co., Ltd. cooperates with the project undertaker-Tsinghua University Computer Department The State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Technology and Systems actively develops a new generation of automotive electronic ECU software and hardware platforms and integrated development environments based on the MPC500 series, including: MPC555 evaluation board, MPC565 single-board system, and OSEKLinux real-time operating system. These are the key core technologies for the development of China's independent intellectual property automotive electronics, and actively develop embedded hardware and software and integrated development environments.
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