The most common video compression technology in non-linear editing system

Due to the huge amount of data after the digitalization of the video signal, based on the consideration of the data flow rate and storage medium, for most users, a non-linear editing system using video compression is still an inevitable choice. For "non-editing", the choice of compression method should first consider the issue of video quality; secondly, it should improve compression efficiency, compatibility, openness, and loss of conversion between formats.

There are many video compression formats, and QuickTIme, Indeo, and Cinepak do not provide sound compression. Basically, they are mainly software compression / decompression, including H261 and H263, which have low frame rate, poor image quality, or require a special platform. Support and other issues, so they are not suitable for use in the field of radio and television. However, M-JPEG, DV, and MPEG-2, supported by hardware, can guarantee a fairly good image quality while supporting normal video frame frequencies. At present, M-JPEG, MPEG-2, and DV are the main compression technologies used in "non-editing", and their characteristics and development and usage are different.

1M-JPEG compression technology JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group, Joint Photographic Experts Group) standard is one of ISO (InternaTIonal Standards OrganizaTIon international standards organization) one of the still image compression standards, other such as JBIG (J oint Bi-level Imaging Group Level image coding expert group) standard, ITU-T (InternaTIonal Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector, ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector) G3, G4 standards, etc.

JPEG can support high image resolution and quantization accuracy, with lossless compression mode and multiple lossy compression modes. JPEG's lossless predictive coding algorithm does not use the DCT (discrete cosine transform) method. Its predictive coding has the characteristics of easy hardware implementation and good quality after image restoration. For color images of moderate complexity, a compression ratio of about 2: 1 can be achieved; JPEG DCT-based lossy coding algorithms include basic systems and enhanced systems, using Huffman coding, arithmetic coding and other technologies, and its compression ratio can reach 20: 1 and 25: 1.

M-JPEG (Motion-JPEG) is a JPEG compression method optimized for moving images. We know that the video signal has a still image of 25 frames / s (PAL system), and every frame of the video signal is JPEG compressed, and a series of continuous compressed image (.JPG) sequences can be obtained. Taking the PAL system as an example, for each frame of uncompressed video image (720 × 576 × 16 b its), the M-JPEG algorithm first performs a discrete cosine transform to obtain a frequency matrix, and then divides it by the Q factor (quantization matrix). When the video signal is lost, the encoding technology is used for encoding. The encoding process belongs to lossless compression encoding. Among them, quantization is to achieve the purpose of compressing data, using the visual characteristics of human eyes that are sensitive to high-frequency signals and insensitive to low-frequency signals, and give small quantization intervals and bit numbers to low-frequency components that occupy large energy in the image To obtain a higher compression ratio. Obviously, the larger the Q factor of the quantization matrix, the higher the compression ratio, the smaller the space occupied by the obtained image data, and the greater the image loss. Of course, the choice of compression ratio is based on the premise that image loss is acceptable.

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