The human-machine interface in the network environment refers to the medium for the interaction and information exchange between the system and the user via the computer. It realizes the conversion between the internal form of information and the form acceptable to human beings. As a method of controlling input on the user interface of a computer system, the development of the human-machine interface has experienced the following stages: 1. Command language. Before the emergence of graphics display, mouse, high-speed workstations and other technologies, the only practical interface methods were commands and query methods. Communication was completed in the form of text and through user commands and user responses to system queries. This method is flexible to use, it is convenient for users to exert their creativity, and has high work efficiency for skilled users, but it is demanding for general users, error-prone, unfriendly and difficult to learn, and error handling ability is weak. 2. Menu options. This method can greatly shorten the training time of the user, reduce the number of keystrokes of the user, and can use the dialog management tool, and the error handling ability has been significantly improved. However, it is still tedious to use, and it is easy to have too many levels of menus and complicated menu options. It must be selected step by step, which greatly affects the interaction speed. 3. Point-and-click interface facing the window. This type of interface is also called WIMP interface, that is, the window (Windows), icons (Icons), menu (Menus), and indicator (PoinTIng Device), which form a desktop. This way can display different kinds of information at the same time, allowing users to switch freely in several working environments without losing the connection. Users can conveniently perform control and dialogue tasks through the drop-down menu. At the same time, the introduction of icons, buttons and scroll bar technology greatly reduces keyboard input and improves interaction efficiency. 4. Natural language. Use natural language to communicate with application software, and combine third-generation interface technology with hypertext and multitasking concepts to enable users to perform multiple tasks simultaneously. "Natural language" refers to a language that naturally evolves with culture, such as Chinese and English. Esperanto is an "artificial language", a language created by people deliberately for specific purposes. Natural language is the main tool for human communication and thinking. Generally, all languages ​​used by humans are regarded as natural languages. The development direction of artificial language is to continuously eliminate the rigid concept of "artificial" and make it most likely to tend to natural language. One of the signs of its development is that there are systems currently using multimedia technology to develop a new generation of user interfaces. Multimedia technology refers to computer application technology that deals with graphics, images, audio and video, audio, animation, etc. in computer programs. This can be regarded as the development of this "artificial language", which directly points to the "human "Factor, constantly inclined to the" natural language "form. With the further development of text, graphics, and speech recognition and input technologies, and the further expansion of multimedia technology in the field of human-machine interface development, natural language-style human-machine interfaces will be able to develop in a comprehensive and rapid manner. The development of this language in the direction of humanity has promoted the introduction of human science concepts and ideas to the design of human-machine interfaces, and it has broken through the partial or staged cognition and thinking of human-machine interface designs for technical science in the past. Its main performance is in two aspects: The first is the deeper intervention of ergonomics. Ergonomics is a multidisciplinary interdisciplinary subject. The core issue of research is the coordination among humans, machines, and environments in different operations. The purpose of the research is to guide work tools and work through the application of knowledge in various disciplines The design and transformation of the method and working environment have improved the characteristics of operations in terms of efficiency, safety, health, comfort and other aspects, and finally made the working process and experience a comprehensive body containing the target entity, environment and rich information. Secondly, the highlight of aesthetic value. The process of human aesthetic activities includes both the object and the subject. It is a relationship between the natural world or object (product) of the object and the subject ’s aesthetic needs and aesthetic mood. The harmony between the two becomes the standard for evaluating aesthetic value. The combination of the two is the "design on a human scale". It has both the scale of being a natural person and the scale of being a social person; it not only studies the impact and effectiveness of physiology, psychology, environment, etc. on human beings, but also studies the requirements and changes in human culture, aesthetics, values, etc. The dual nature of human scale makes human creation full of challenges and fun, that is, while setting scales and limits, it also provides an infinite possibility of transcending physical properties. In this way, we have clarified the goal and connotation of human-machine interface design in the network environment. In order to further understand and analyze the interface design from the methodology, we divide it into the following three categories: 1. Functional interface. This type of interface mainly emphasizes the coordination between design and artifacts. Including the functional information of the receiver, manipulation and control, and the interface with the production, that is, the use of materials, the application of science and technology, etc. 2. Emotional interface. This type of interface focuses on grasping the psychological emotions of users who go deep into the target object, that is, things convey feelings to people, and people also get a kind of emotional identity from things. 3. Environmental interface. This type of interface reflects the impact of external environmental factors on human information transfer. The design of the human-machine interface in the network environment is a comprehensive consideration of the above-mentioned three types of interfaces. They form an organic and systematic connection, and the three form a bottom-up increasing relationship. Combining design methodology such as software psychology, environmental factor design, multi-participation design, tools and notation to support the design process, it provides us with effective guidance for designing suitable web user interfaces. Specifically, it can be explained as follows: 1. Functional interface. What it implements is usable content, which involves analysis of multiple functional factors and the use of technical methods and materials to realize the function. In the design of the functional interface, each operation should be in accordance with the logic of human thinking, so that the user can understand the operation function; for the object or object, it should be undoubtedly unimpeded. The smooth flow of information transmission between the two sides is the function The core content of the sexual interface. For example, the human-machine interface should be able to respond to user decisions in a timely manner, improve the efficiency of dialogue, movement, and thinking, reduce the number of keystrokes as much as possible, shorten the distance of mouse movement, and avoid giving users a sense of confusion. Ensure that the information display mode is consistent with the data input mode, minimize the user input actions, hide the unselectable commands in the current state, facilitate the user to select the input mode, and allow the user to control the interaction process freely. In the same interface, all menu selection, command input, data display and other functions should maintain the consistency of style. The consistent man-machine interface will give people a simple and harmonious beauty. At the same time, the unified font size, unified color tone, unified prompt terms, windows, buttons, in a unified position can make users have a good sense of ease of use. The functional interface is more about the realization of the technical level. For example, Microsoft's current emphasis on human-computer interface design is technical innovation. Including how to convert people's non-digital ways of doing things, such as using pens and paper to make records, etc., into digital ways; how to digitize all content and avoid generating non-digital content, such as printing electronic documents on computers Become a paper document; how to use a more mobile human-computer interaction device to help the computer release the keyboard and mouse and other important aspects. Functional interface is the basic premise of emotional interface and environmental interface design. 2. Emotional interface. Emotional interfaces value the web accessibility of human-machine interfaces in a network environment, that is, network accessibility. On the one hand, it ensures that anyone has access to the media content placed on the Internet-whether or not people encounter physical, psychological or technical obstacles, it will not prevent people from receiving the information released by the media. That is to make the content on the Internet easy to obtain and use. Its core meaning is to give consideration to the largest group of people, whether it is users with disabilities in vision, hearing, mobility and cognitive ability, or users who use older computers with slower computing speeds. On the other hand, it considers the detailed design of the classification of human-machine interfaces. Including human-machine interface design for specific applications: user interface design to meet the specific constraints and requirements of certain types of application problems on human-computer interaction. Such as: virtual reality, intelligent tutoring system, information retrieval, Internet / WWW, CAD / CAM, expert system process control, decision support, etc. All in all, the design of the emotional interface emphasizes respect for the user's subject, and emphasizes the freedom and comfort of the user's own psychological feelings. Other aspects of emotional interface design include: For all actions that may cause damage, insist on user confirmation, such as setting up a prompt question "Are you sure ...?" For most operations should allow recovery (UNDO), take a tolerant attitude to user errors. The human-machine interface should provide a context-sensitive help system, allowing users to get help in a timely manner, and try to prompt commands with short verbs and verb phrases. At the same time, separate different types of information with windows, and only display meaningful error messages, to avoid user annoyance caused by too complicated data. Reasonably divide and use the display screen efficiently. Only display information related to the context, allowing users to maintain the visual environment: such as zooming in and zooming out the image. 3. Environmental interface If the functional interface mainly points to the biological needs of people, and the emotional interface mainly points to the spiritual needs of people, then the environmental interface mainly points to the social needs of people, that is, people desire to be recognized by the human environment in which they live. The characteristics of this environment are twofold: the subject is first branded in this environment; at the same time, the subject is verified in this environment again. Specifically, the environment in this sense refers to the specific era and background in which people live, and it includes a combination of social, political, economic, cultural, ethnic, and historical factors. Human beings in this environment exist on the basis of social groups rather than individuals. The overall consideration of the physical conditions and spiritual atmosphere provided by the environment is the most far-reaching part of the human-machine interface design. Environmental interface design is concerned with the study of semiotics in this sense. Swiss linguist Saussure believes: "Semiotics is the science of studying various signs in the existing social structure." Semiotics is not only composed of signifier and signified. A single symbol, but also to explore the "cultural" context hidden behind the symbol. "Culture" is not only a general term for a national spirit and material civilization, but is regarded as an parseable "language"; or it contains various "discourses" that manipulate a certain social group. Symbols can be divided into three types: ①Image symbol (ICON). It is constructed by simulating or resembling an object. People have an intuitive perception of it, which can be recognized through the similarity of images. ② Indicator (INDEX). There is a causal or spatial-temporal relationship with the referred object. ③ Symbol (SYMBOL). The acquisition of related objects and related meanings is a collection of associations generated by the feelings of many people for a long time, that is, social customs. Therefore, the design elements of environmental interfaces based on semiotics become clear. Namely, the human-machine interface design in the network environment uses specific visual vocabulary to express and describe the "environment", creating a social psychological identity for users. The essence of environmental interface design is an expansion and network extension of the social life culture.
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