Direct-type full-range speakers try to avoid interface reflection Airflow subwoofers can take advantage of ground reflections The airflow speaker is a speaker that does not directly radiate the sound of the speaker. In technical terms, it is a speaker that is not directly coupled to the air by the speaker diaphragm (tray). In the field of professional audio, airflow speakers are generally subwoofers. The modern airflow subwoofer uses advanced aerodynamics to achieve a strong airflow change with a large diaphragm vibration that can only be produced by the bass, and this airflow change enhances the bass. The airflow subwoofer not only makes the bass farther due to aerodynamic characteristics, but also makes the bass more pleasing due to its excellent acoustic characteristics. Listen to the sound area to fully obtain the direct sound of the speaker As far as a room is concerned, the method of determining whether the listening area can obtain the direct sound from all the speakers is very simple, and the visual method is generally used. In the listening area, if the listener can see the whole of all the speakers, and in the area where all the speakers share the cross radiation, the speaker can be heard directly. Under normal circumstances, speaker hanging is the best way to get direct sound in the room, but sometimes due to the low floor space and limited space, hanging speakers may be subject to certain restrictions. If conditions permit, it is best to hang the speaker. hang up. Many speakers have a horn pointing angle of 60 degrees or less. The horizontal direction is large, and the vertical direction is small. If the listening area is not within the horn of the horn, the horn of the horn cannot be obtained, so the speaker is placed horizontally. The tweeter axis should be consistent with the level of the listener's ear. When the speaker is hung, adjust the tilt angle to avoid affecting the high-pitched sound. When the speaker is playing, the closer to the speaker, the greater the proportion of direct sound in the sound, and the smaller the ratio of reflected sound; the farther away from the speaker, the smaller the proportion of direct sound. The speaker is placed symmetrically with the center axis of the room The requirement for the indoor acoustic environment is that the symmetry of the building must be consistent with the acoustic symmetry of the room, and the speakers should be placed in a symmetrical position on the central axis of the room. Only by achieving the consistency of architectural symmetry and acoustic symmetry can an ideal, harmonious and symmetrical sound field be provided for the interior. If the speaker is placed asymmetrically with the room, that is, the two speakers are biased to one side of the room, there are many problems in playback. Although these problems can be compensated by electroacoustic compensation, the most Well, you should try to avoid a series of problems caused by the asymmetry of placement. Some rooms themselves are asymmetric internal structures or decoration structures. The room acoustics are already asymmetrical. The speaker placement can only make the sound field symmetrical as much as possible. So, what problems will the sound field asymmetry cause? Let's analyze it below: When you use the effect to add effects to the sound, you will find that the reverb sound effect of the speaker farther away from the wall is more obvious than that of the speaker closer to the wall. This is because the sound reproduction space in front of the speaker farther from the wall. The larger the volume, the longer the reverberation time according to the larger volume, of course, the reverberation is stronger; while the space in front of the speaker closer to the wall is smaller, the reverberation must be weaker. An important requirement of the acoustic characteristics of the hall is to create a uniform sound field. That is, the volume of each position in the sound field cannot be too different. If the sound field is not uniform, the consistency of the volume and the tone of the listening area will be deteriorated. When the speaker is placed asymmetrically, it will cause less reflection of the early reflection sound of the speaker facing the larger space, smaller volume, and the effect of the early reflection sound of the speaker facing the smaller space, and the volume is large. The sound field uniformity is destroyed.
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The direct-fire speaker is a speaker that radiates directly to the outside. In theory, it is a speaker directly coupled to the air. In appearance, it is a speaker that is directly outwardly disposed from the speaker flare. This kind of speaker mainly relies on the radiation characteristics of sound waves, so that the speaker directly sends sound energy to the space. Under normal circumstances, the direct-radiation speaker's bass radiation angle is larger than the high-pitched radiation angle. If the speaker is placed directly on the ground, the bass is reflected on the ground and transmitted to the listener. At this time, due to the direct transmission from the speaker. The distance that the sound has traveled is shorter than the distance that the reflected sound has traveled. The direct sound of the speaker's bass reaches the human ear in advance, and the reflected sound then reaches the human ear. The phenomenon of the bass “first come and then come†will appear, resulting in a bass ghost. As we all know, the amount of bass components has a great influence on the clarity and intelligibility of the sound, and the bass itself has a sense of turbidity. If the bass is ghosted, it will make the sound sound more turbid.
Direct-type speakers are best not placed directly on the ground, or located close to the corner of the wall, otherwise the bass heard in the listening area will be aggravated, and there is a sense of ambiguity. If the floor of the room is made of a hard, smooth material that strongly reflects the sound, then the bass turbidity will become more serious.
In practice, it may be found that in a low-distance room, a direct sound box (especially a full-range direct-type speaker) is used for playback, and the bass sounds turbid often, and the bass is turbid. The phenomenon is impossible to use the equalizer to attenuate the bass component in the sound. There is no bass in the sound. The sound of the bass sound is turbid. The main reason is that there are too many reflected sound components of the bass, and there is a serious ghost in the bass. phenomenon.
In order to fully reduce the adverse effects of bass reflection, one of the following two measures should be taken when placing a direct-fire speaker:
First, do not place the speaker directly on the ground or in the position close to the corner of the wall. It is best to use a metal frame to raise the speaker height by more than 40cm, and place it at a distance of more than 40cm from the side wall, and the distance from the rear wall is more than 20cm. The interface is far away, so the bass reverberation is significantly reduced.
Second, if the ground in front of the speaker is a strong reflective material (hard and smooth material, such as marble floor), when the speaker is placed directly on the ground, you can also take the sound-absorbing carpet in front of the speaker to absorb the reflected sound of the bass, but the bass is not It may be fully absorbed and there is still a small amount of reflection.
The airflow subwoofer can be easily identified from the outside. It is a speaker with the back of the woofer facing outwards, facing inward (reverse) or not directly visible on the front of the woofer. The most common speaker is currently in the speaker. Tibetan subwoofer and speaker reverse button subwoofer. They mainly rely on the airflow characteristics of sound propagation, continuously send out a group of bass airflows to the space, and use the airflow group to propagate sound waves instead of transmitting sound energy to the air by simple wave radiation characteristics, and the bass can travel farther.
Airflow subwoofers are relatively free to place and install, either hanging in the air or directly on the ground.
But in general, it is better to put the airflow subwoofer on the ground. This is because the airflow subwoofer uses airflow, so the bass has a certain directivity, even if there is acoustic radiation, but even if there is acoustic radiation, The proportion of acoustic radiation is also small, so the reflected sound content after reaching the reflective interface is also small, and the bass reflection volume is moderate. The subwoofer is placed directly on the ground, which can fully exert the effect of the ground, which is equivalent to extending the ground as a bass horn. Such a large bass horn makes the sound resistance of the lower limit frequency of the speaker more closely match, and the bass sounds thicker and fuller. .
The direct sound is the sound that comes directly from the speaker to the listener. The main feature is that the sound is pure, that is, what kind of sound is emitted by the speaker, and what kind of sound is heard by the listener. The direct sound does not pass through the wall, the ground and the top surface of the room. There is no acoustic defect caused by the reflection of the interior decoration material. It is also not affected by the indoor acoustic environment, so the sound quality is guaranteed and the sound fidelity is guaranteed. high. An important principle in modern room acoustic design is that the listening area makes full use of the direct sound from the speakers and tries to control the reflected sound.
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