Innovative views : This article combines machine vision and network technology, using TI's newly launched 6000 series of DSPsTMS320DM642 as the core, using ALTERA's FPGA, using it to achieve image preprocessing, reducing the burden of DSPs. Use network technology to realize image transmission. 1 Introduction From the beginning to the present, machine vision has a history of 15 years. It should be said that machine vision as an application system, its functional characteristics are gradually improved and developed with the development of industrial automation. At present, the application of visual systems in the world is in the ascendant, and the market size in 1998 was US $ 4.6 billion. In foreign countries, the popularization of machine vision applications is mainly reflected in the semiconductor and electronics industries, of which about 40% -50% are concentrated in the semiconductor industry. Specific examples are PCB printed circuits. Major machine vision companies such as the German Krones company, the American Industrial Power Machinery Co., Ltd. and so on. In China, the industrial vision system is still in the concept introduction period, resulting in few applications in the above industries. Even if it is, it is only low-end applications. Most domestic companies multi-agent foreign company products, relatively few independent research and development The price of such products in China is relatively high, causing many factories to give up the idea of ​​using machine vision after weighing the pros and cons. However, with the improvement of China's supporting infrastructure and the accumulation of technology and capital, the demand for industrial automation and intelligence that uses images and machine vision technology in various industries has begun to appear widely. At the same time, due to the decline in the price of video capture system hardware products, domestic In the past two years, relevant universities and research institutes have made active thinking and bold attempts in the field of image and machine vision technology, and gradually started the application of industrial sites. In addition, after solving the problem of production automation, leading companies in various industries have begun to turn their attention to the vision measurement automation. Most of these applications are focused on, for example, drug testing and packaging, and printing color testing. Real high-end applications are still rare, so the application space of the above related industries is still relatively large. Embedded systems and networking are two trends in the development of machine vision systems: 1) The embedded system makes the data acquisition, automatic control and image detection more integrated, and the machine vision system based on the embedded system has extremely low power consumption. 2) Networking is the development trend of embedded systems, and its application in the field of industrial automation is becoming more and more extensive. The combination of machine vision and network communication and other advanced technologies is changing the face of industrial automation production. At present, the combination of machine vision and motion control, network communication and other advanced technologies are changing the face of industrial automation production, and companies with technical backgrounds in motion control, machine vision, and network communication will undoubtedly be at the forefront. 2. System hardware design This design takes beer bottle inspection as the design background, combines these two development trends of machine vision, develops an embedded system with TI's TMS320DM642 as the core, and applies Ethernet technology for image transmission. Schematic diagram of the design module: 2.1 Video capture module The analog video signal adopts non-standard system. The camera works in external trigger mode. The FPGA provides the trigger signal. Each time the trigger is triggered, the camera transmits a signal. The amplitude of the video signal entering the circuit board is 1V. It is first amplified and embedded by the video operational amplifier EL4089 to increase the amplitude to 2V. After that, the signal is divided into two channels, and the ISL59885 video synchronization separation chip is sent all the way to generate line synchronization and field synchronization signals. All the way through the AD9200 for analog-to-digital conversion. Decode the video signal out of line synchronization, field synchronization and 8-bit brightness signal into the FPGA module. 2. 2 FPGA module Altera's EP1K100 series are cost-effective programmable logic devices. It has an equivalent system gate of 100,000, a core voltage of 2.5V, a port voltage compatible with 5V and 3.3V, and an operating frequency of up to 250MHz, which can meet the multi-voltage of this card. High frequency work requirements. This part is mainly responsible for the logic control and timing adjustment of the entire board. The FPGA receives the line, field synchronization and brightness signals of the video, and preprocesses the image in the FPGA. It can perform binarization, sobel edge segmentation, and median filtering in the FPGA. Send the processed brightness signal to the video port of DM642. Because the line synchronization signal generated by ISL59885 is separated every two lines, in order to collect correctly, FPGA must add a line synchronization signal in the middle of every two line synchronization and send it to the video port of DM642. In addition, FPGA is also responsible for the sampling frequency of the video acquisition part, the generation of the embedded signal, the generation of the parallel IO control signal, and the selection of the communication protocols RS-232 and RS-442 of the serial interface part. 2.3 DM642 module and storage module 2.3.1 TMS320DM642 module: DM642 is a chip recently applied by TI for video and image processing. He uses the core of TMS320C64X series DSPs and integrates some peripheral devices for video and image processing. For example, it integrates three configurable video ports. 10 / 100Mbps Ethernet MAC, multi-channel serial audio interface (McASP) and 66MHz 32-bit PCI bus. TMS320DM642 adopts the second-generation high-performance super-long instruction word structure VelociT1.2TM developed by TI Company, which can perform two 16 * 16 bit multiplications or four 8 * 8 bit multiplications in each clock cycle. TMS320DM642 contains 6 arithmetic logic units, which can perform 2 16-bit or 4 8-bit addition, subtraction, comparison, movement and other operations in each clock cycle. At a clock frequency of 600MHz, the DM642 can perform 2.4 billion 16-bit multiply-accumulates or 4.8 billion 8-bit multiply-accumulates per second. This powerful computing capability makes DM642 can perform real-time multi-video processing and image processing. This design uses the video port for image acquisition and the Ethernet interface for image transmission. The video port can support the input and output of various formats of video data such as BT.656, HDTV Y / C, MPEG-2 Transport stream input, etc. This design uses progressive scanning and only collects brightness data. The video port works in YcbCr 4: 2: 2 mode. The video port is combined with DM642's EDMA, and every time a line of image data is collected, an EDMA synchronization event is started, and the data is poured from the receive FIFO into the SDRAM for temporary storage. After an image data acquisition, the EDMA link is used to automatically reconfigure the EDMA parameters. The entire image acquisition consumes very little CPU time, allowing the CPU to focus on the subsequent image processing work.
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Figure 1 Block diagram of hardware structure
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